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&"%&""&""&"&"""&"&""&""& "&&"&&"&&"&&"&" $    % *     Y  C)..      b"XbX"b"  _ $X6'!T$$'  ' $!T$'6  7'y\("  7'~C"y\(  1-4244-1084-3/07/$25.002007IEEE+$October10-13,2007,_Milwaukee,WI_ 6\݌ X Ќ $$    37th_ASEE_/IEEEFrontiersinEducationConference  6'!T$$'  6C  T1A  1  \  `Times  ^$..      b"XbX"b"dX"  1    _ XdԀRuss_Meier_,FIE2007GeneralChair,MilwaukeeSchoolofEngineering,meier@msoe.edu#dX "# (O;$0  2#  a  .3  0` (#(# ( ^$..      b"XbX"b"dX"  5    _ XdԀWendyC._Newstetter_,Panel/Special_Special_/WorkshopSessionChair,GeorgiaInstituteofTechnology,wendy.newstetter@bme.gatech.edu#dX "#(b$0  0` (#(#2#   .3  0 ` (#` (#(xir$0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#2#(  0  )3  0 (# (#($0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#2#(  a  )3  0h(#(#(F$0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#0h(#(#2#(   )3  0h(#h(#($0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#0h(#(#0h(#h(#2#  0  )3  0(#(#({$0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#0h(#(#0h(#h(#0(#(#2#  a  )3  0p(#(#(F$0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#0h(#(#0h(#h(#0(#(#0p(#(#2#     )3  0p(#p(# Hx Gaeimquy}Bullet ListBullets List `!..      b"XbX"b"  _H       XXX[u+gc"    ZaU+gi  iccPreparationofPapersinTwoColumnFormatforthe  FIE2007Conference+gi݌ | Ќi"ic   ) ,USUS.,    )  i i")݌ H Ќ ,US.,US.,   i" i2i&b %i"    2  I l` &b % %i&bDan_Budny_#i&b % %&bW#&b % %i&b2݌ D Ќ" %&b   #i""#G |    "i"G |v  PublicationChair,UniversityofPittsburgh,EngineeringStudentServicesCenter,G |v݌   Ќ     Pittsburgh,PA15261budny@pitt.edu#i""#"i"   2&b %"    2  ormultipleauthorsfrommultipleinstitutions2>݌  T Ќ" %&b   2&b %"    2  #i&b % %&b#  &b % %i&b24݌̌" %&b   2&b %"    2  Russ_Meier_#i&b % %&b#&b % %i&bz F  1      #i&b % %&b #,&b % %i&bAnn_Sobel_#i&b % %&b8 #&b % %i&bQ F  2      #i&b % %&b #&b % %i&b,JamesJ._Sluss_,Jr.#i&b % %&b8 #&b % %i&bT F  3      #i&b % %&b #&b % %i&b,Doug_Schmucker_#i&b % %&bE #&b % %i&bU9 F  4      #i&b % %&b #&b % %i&b#i&b % %&bM #&b % %i&bandWendyC._Newstetter_#i&b % %&b #&b % %i&b F  5      #i&b % %&b#&b % %i&b26 ݌    Ќ" %&b   #i""#I l` ) ,USUS.,    )s  )s݌ }  Ќ ,US.,US.,   0xw    "i"(h,h$$(0xwH  Abstract󀄀AllpaperseitherFull6pagepapers,Workin <  Processpapers,SpecialSessionssummaries,PanelSession K  summariesorWorkshopssummariesmustincludean   Abstractwiththesubmission.TheAbstractandIndex y  Termstextshouldbe10pointTimesNewRoman,full 8  justifiedandcontainedwithoutoneparagraph.Beginthe G AbstractwiththewordAbstract-inTimesNewRoman  italic.TheentireAbstractshouldbebold.DonotIndent. u Useastandarddashnotalongdashafterthewords 4 "Abstract".Donotcitereferencesintheabstract.The C abstractshouldbeapproximately150-200words;this  exampleabstractis188words,thusyoucanusethelength q ofthisabstractasanexampleofastandardabstract. 0 Avoidusingabbreviationsintheabstract.Acopyofthis ? abstractwillbecopiedandincludedintheconference  programbooksopleasefollowtheseguidelinestoensure m everypresentationwillhaveanabstractintheprogram ,| book.Alsowhenyousubmityourpapermakesurethe ; abstractincludedinthepaperisthesameabstractyou  haveinthetextboxonthepapersubmissionform.0xwH݌ i Ќ   0xw    0xw   "0xw#݌̌   1-USUS.,    " 1-  IndexTermsM5x"Ԅ"M5xԀAboutfour,alphabeticalorder,keywords $  orphrases,separatedbycommas(forsuggestionsCamera ! ready,FIEformat,Preparationofpapers,Twocolumn _ " format,).1-݌ !n# ЌUS.,US.,   ;B""b"!-     ;B  PageLayout;B݌ b"$ Ќ""      1-USUS.,    1-  TheseinstructionsserveasatemplateforWordPerfect,and #% giveyouthebasicguidelinesforpreparingcamera-ready e$& papersfortheFIE2007conference(Frontiersin $%t ' EducationConference),October10-13,2007in %3!( _Milwaukee,Wis_.Pleasecarefullyfollowtheinstructions &!) providedintheseguidelinestoensurelegibilityand a'"* uniformity.Theguidelinesaredesignedtoreducethe  (p#+ amountofwhitespaceandmaximizetheamountoftext (/$, thatcanbeplacedononepage.PleasedonotuseLATEX, )$- pleasemodifyyourtemplatetomatchtheseformatting < - guidelines.Ifyouwishtouse_MicroSoft_ԀWord,atemplate K . isonthewebpage.1-݌  / ЌUS.,US.,   ) ,USUS.,    )  Whenyouopenthisdocument,select"Page"fromthe y 0 "View"menu(View|Page),whichallowsyoutoseethe 8 1 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($$d Ifitdoesnotgotothe"File"menuandselect"Page )$e Setup".Thiswillopenaninputboxthatwillallowyouto R*%f setthetopandbottommarginto0.75and1"respectively +a&g andtherightandleftmarginto0.625".Everyword + 'h processorwillhaveitsownmethodofaccomplishingthe ,'i  above,however,mostfollowthesameformat.)fZf݌ N-(j Ќ ,US.,US.,   ) ,USUS.,    )j  For"WorkinProcess"or"PanelSession"   submissions,ifthepaperdoesnotfilltheentirepageand o coversmorethan4inchesofthefirstcolumn,please .~ balancethepaperwithinthetwocolumns.Theeasiestway = todothisistoinsertasectionbreakattheendofthe  document.)ﻲjj݌ k Ќ ,US.,US.,   ) ,USUS.,    )m  Ifyouarehavingproblemswiththislayout,thebest * z adviseistojustusethisdocumentandcutandpasteyour  9 paperoverthetextinthisguideline.)mOm݌   Ќ ,US.,US.,   =d g  d  =n  II.FontandSpacingInstructions=ߕnn݌    Ќ d  1-USUS.,    1-po  Usethefulljustifyoptionforyourcolumns.Usetwo  >  columnsinallpages.Thetwocolumnsmustalwaysexhibit    equallengthsandyoushouldtrytofillyourlastpageas l  muchaspossible.Toobtainsuchresults,youarefreeto +{  adjustthefiguressizeprovidedthisdoesnotcompromise :  theirclarity.Useonelineofspacebetweentextandsection   headings.Useonelineofspacebetweentextandcaptions, h  equations,tablesandfootnote.Useautomaticcheck 'w  spelling.Donotusehyphenation.Pleaseusethefollowing 6 Fontandalignmentinstructions:1-poo݌  ЌUS.,US.,   1-USUS.,    1-r  1-r8s݌̌US.,US.,   "H3"  H3s2 3  0 )   Bodytext:10point,TimesNewRoman,fulljustified, #s singlespace,noblanklinesbetweentheparagraphs 2 Indentsfirstparagraphofsectionnone(thisstyleis  definedunderthestylemenuofthisdocumentas ` "FirstParagraph"),Indentallotherparagraphs o .25"(thisstyleisdefinedunderthestylemenuofthis . documentas"BodyText").Followtheexamples  showninthisdocument.H3ss݌\)V)V Ќ  "H3"  H3ov2 3  0 )   SectionHeadings:10point,TimesNewRomanbold, k centered,useSmallCaps,leaveoneblanklineabove * andbelow.Forexample,"PageLayout"onpageone  ofthisdocumentisaSectionHeading(thisstyleis X  definedunderthestylemenuofthisdocumentas g! 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M M5x"_ _  #"M5xf#Graphicsshouldbeinsertedintothemanuscriptfile dN usingthe Insert!Picture!FromFileoptioninthe 0O  Insertpulldownmenu.Thismeansyoumustsave ?P everygraphicsasaseparatefile.Donotusecutand Q pastetoinsertgraphics. mR M5x"_ _  #"M5x>#Donotlinktoagraphic.Wheninsertingfiguresor ,|S tablesbesureyouinsertthefigureandnotjustalink HT tothefigure.Thebestwaytomakesureyouaredoing U thiscorrectlyistosaveyourpapertoafloppydisk vV thenopenthefileonadifferentmachineandmake 5W sureallyourfiguresarecorrect.Ifyouinsertthelink DX insteadofthefigureortable,aboxwithabigredx Y willappearinthelocationwherethetableorfigureis r Z supposedtobelocated. 1![  ) ,USUS.,    )E   ")E݌ "] Ќ ,US.,US.,   #" #<W    <WV  TABLEI<WV݌ H#^ Ќ   >K "    >K  PointSizesandTypeStyles>K7݌ $W_ Ќ" >   *pq Iddd Xdd Xdd X$$,,444,F44+  /RS$`$  /'4X' "Points +RS$ aRS ++ 4X+PlaceofText +RS$ bRS +#" # "TypeStyles#" # RSo#$ c   RS )!v~D8888881010101010101124) v~D9x@@ "  9x  89x݌ w% d Ќ@@"   9x@@ "  9x  89x݌ &`!e Ќ@@"   9x@@ "  9x  89x݌ &!f Ќ@@"   9x@@ "  9x  89xי݌ B'"g Ќ@@"   9x@@ "  9xq  89xqǚ݌ '+#h Ќ@@"   9x@@ "  9xa  89xa݌ t(#i Ќ@@"   9x@@ "  9xQ  109xQ݌  )]$j Ќ@@"   9x@@ "  9xB  109xB݌ )$k Ќ@@"   9x@@ "  9x0  109x0݌ ?*%l Ќ@@"   9x@@ "  9x  109xs݌ *(&m Ќ@@"   9x@@ "  9x  109xd݌ q+&n Ќ@@"   9x@@ "  9x  109xU݌  ,Z'o Ќ@@"   9x@@ "  9x  119xF݌ ,'p Ќ@@"   9x@@ "  9x  249x7݌@@"   gRSVK<-(q )!v~D8888881010101010101124) v~DRS g9x@@ "  9x!  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ЌUS.,US.,   "H3"  H32 3  0 V   E.4 <DL!T$4XEHeadertextshouldsaySessionT1Aasshownonthe O topofthisdocument.Onceyourpaperisassignedto ^ itsfinalsession,thePublicationChairwillmodifythis  tothecorrectsession.Textshouldbe14pointTimes  NewRoman,rightjustified,bold(thisstyleisdefined K underthestylemenuofthisdocumentas"Header")H3݌ ZVVVV Ќ  "H3"  H3u2 3  0 V   H.4 <DL!T$4XT$HFootertext:shouldbe10pointTimesNewRoman,  bold(thisstyleisdefinedunderthestylemenuofthis  documentas"Footer").Thetextofthefootershould G saythesameasshownonthebottomofthis V document.Pleasecopyandpastethisinformation   intoyourdocumentexactlyasshownonthispage.H3u݌!VVVV Ќ  ;B""!!R     &  ;B  Acknowledgment;B݌ !# Ќ""    1-USUS.,    1->  Thepreferredspellingoftheword"acknowledgment"in "$ AmericanEnglishiswithoutan"e"afterthe"g."Usethe #% singularheadingevenifyouhavemany I$& acknowledgments.Pleaseputsponsoracknowledgments %X ' inthissection,donotuseafootnoteonthefirstpage.'!1->w݌ %!( ЌUS.,US.,   ;B""'#E'"     ;B\  CopyrightForm;B\݌ '#* Ќ""    1-USUS.,    1-  AnIEEEcopyrightformshouldaccompanyyourfinal )^$+ submission.YoucangetoneatthefollowingIEEEsite 1-݌ )%, ЌUS.,US.,     http://www.ieee.org/web/publications/rights/copyrightmain.ht *%- ml  K+&. 1-USUS.,    1-+   V SubmityoursignedcopyrightformtoDan_Budny_,  ,Z'/  UniversityofPittsburgh,CollegeofEngineering,B74A ,(0 _Benedum_ԀHall,Pittsburgh,PA15261Pleaseputyour 0 papernumberanywhereonthetopoftheform.1-+d݌ o1  US.,US.,   ;B""r=     ;BC  References;BC݌ r3 Ќ""    1-USUS.,    1-c  Placereferencesinseparatesectionattheendofthe 4 document,donotfootnotereferences.Refersimplytothe u 5 referencenumber,as[3]or[5][8].Donotuse Ref.[3] 4 6 or reference[3]exceptatthebeginningofsentence:  C7  Reference[3]shows8..Provideuptofiveauthors  8 names;replacetheothersby etal.Donotputfigures q 9 oranythingelseafterthereferences.1-c݌ 0 : ЌUS.,US.,    H( yxH"H3"  H32 3  0    Referencetext:8pointTimesNewRoman,full  ? ; justified,nospacebetweenthereferences(thisstyleis  < definedunderthestylemenuofthisdocumentas m = "References")H3݌,| >$$ Ќ  "H3"  H3L2 3  0    Useboxnumberswithsquarebrackets[]withintext. ; ? 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